Fill in the blanks: In the modern era, Pt. Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande and Pt. Vishnu Digambar Paluskar made major contributions to Hindustani classical music by developing a structured system of _______.

Explanation

musical notation. Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande and Vishnu Digambar Paluskar played a key role in the modernization of Hindustani classical music by systematizing ragas and talas through written notation and institutional teaching, which helped preserve, standardize, and widely disseminate the tradition beyond the guru–shishya system.